超临界二氧化碳干气密封相态分布规律与密封性能研究

以超临界二氧化碳干气密封为研究对象，分别以维里方程、Lucas方程描述二氧化碳真实气体效应、黏度的变化，在考虑阻塞流效应的同时，采用有限差分法对考虑离心惯性力效应的Reynolds方程与能量控制方程进行耦合求解，分析讨论了工况参数与槽形结构参数对其相态分布规律与密封性能的影响。研究表明：S-CO₂从密封端面进口至出口的流动过程中，如果工况参数设置合理，将由超临界态逐渐转变为气态，并不会出现液态；较低的进口压力、进口温度以及转速，均会容易导致潜在的凝结流动发生；相比于工况参数对相态分布的影响，槽形参数对相态分布的影响较小，近乎可以忽略；开启力除了随进口温度的升高而减小外，均随进口压力、转速、槽深、螺旋角的增大而增大；泄漏率随进口温度和转速的增大而减小，但其随进口压力、槽深、螺旋角的增大而增大。这些结果为进一步研究超临界二氧化碳干气密封提供了一定的支撑。     

Characterization of boron nitride nanosheets synthesized by boron-ammonia reaction

Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) with thickness 5–11 nm were successfully produced when pure boron powder (1–2 μm) interacted with ammonia gas in chemical vapour deposition set up. Under the optimized parameters, at 1200 °C and for uninterrupted 1 h of reaction duration, 2D BNNS with thickness of ca.11 nm were synthesized. BNNS were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystal structure, scanning electron microscopy for dimensions and morphology, energy dispersive X-ray analysis for chemical composition and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for sp² BN bond detection. The thickness of BNNS determined from both XRD data (using Scherrer equation) and atomic force microscopic analysis confirmed the stated product thickness. The BNNS obtained at 1200 °C had high crystallinity, purity and yield.     

基于数据拼接的金刚石刀具刃口三维形貌表征技术

原子力显微镜(AFM)是获取金刚石刀具刃口纳米级三维形貌的重要手段,但其存在测量范围小,难以表征参与切削区域整段刃口形貌特征的问题。采用基于迭代最近点法的刃口AFM测量数据拼接算法,获得了由多组数据拼接得到的刃口纳米级三维形貌,并进行了切削实验验证。实验结果表明,采用的数据拼接方法可较好地用于表征刀具刃口三维形貌。     

机电控制无级变速器执行机构动态响应特性仿真研究

为研究夹紧力可调的机电控制无级变速器（EMCVT）电控电动执行机构的可靠性，及其速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的影响因素，采用MATLAB/Simulink构建了EMCVT执行机构的动力学模型，设计了针对EMCVT电控电动执行机构的速比和夹紧力闭环控制器。对EMCVT输入转矩突变和目标速比突变两种工况进行了仿真分析，仿真结果表明：速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的超调量和调节时间满足CVT的使用要求，从动带轮夹紧力响应时间小于1s，速比变化率可以达到2；EMCVT速比和从动带轮夹紧力动态响应的主要影响因素是执行电动机的负载和转动方向。     

六盘水市煤炭行业竞争战略分析

我国是富煤贫油少气的国家，煤炭是我国最重要的一次能源。但从能源激烈的竞争市场环境而言，当前我国煤炭行业发展出现了困境。为了更好地发展六盘水地区的煤炭行业，结合竞争战略理论和六盘水市的煤炭行业发展状况，运用PEST分析法和波特五力模型对六盘水市煤炭行业进行分析，得出整合资源，结合自身优势大力吸引人才，最终达到产业转型的生态化煤炭发展战略模型。分析结果可为提高六盘水煤炭行业竞争力提供理论支持。     

基于双向流固耦合弹性环式挤压油膜阻尼器建模及动力学特性研究

利用数值方法建立了弹性环式挤压油膜阻尼器(ERSFD)的流固耦合模型,分别利用有限元方法以及有限体积法建立了弹性环和内外油膜的CFD数值模型,并进一步利用分时迭代的弱耦合方法实现了油膜以及弹性环控制方程的耦合求解,获得了内油膜的压力分布特性及弹性环的变形,并进一步识别了油膜和弹性环的动力学特性系数;研究了涡动频率、凸台数目、凸台高度、凸台宽度以及弹性环厚度对阻尼器动力学特性系数的影响。结果表明,弹性环的凸台高度对ERSFD油膜动力学特性系数的影响最为明显,ERSFD油膜阻尼与涡动频率无关。     

前刀面槽型结构对D型刀片车削球墨铸铁性能的影响

通过切削力、磨损和冲击切削试验,研究了前刀面槽型结构对D型刀片车削球墨铸铁切削性能的影响。试验结果显示,刀具的第一前角对切削力的影响最大;在10°~15°范围内,刀具前角越大,切削力越低;棱带宽度大的刀片具有更加优异的耐磨损性能;具有正刃倾角的刀片显示出更优异的耐冲击性能。     

Piezoelectricity in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride

2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide-bandgap van der Waals crystal with a unique combination of properties, including exceptional strength, large oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and optical functionalities. Furthermore, in recent years hBN crystals have become the material of choice for encapsulating other 2D crystals in a variety of technological applications, from optoelectronic and tunneling devices to composites. Monolayer hBN, which has no center of symmetry, is predicted to exhibit piezoelectric properties, yet experimental evidence is lacking. Here, by using electrostatic force microscopy, this effect is observed as a strain-induced change in the local electric field around bubbles and creases, in agreement with theoretical calculations. No piezoelectricity is found in bilayer and bulk hBN, where the center of symmetry is restored. These results add piezoelectricity to the known properties of monolayer hBN, which makes it a desirable candidate for novel electromechanical and stretchable optoelectronic devices, and pave a way to control the local electric field and carrier concentration in van der Waals heterostructures via strain. The experimental approach used here also shows a way to investigate the piezoelectric properties of other materials on the nanoscale by using electrostatic scanning probe techniques.     

Sequence-Dependent Nanofiber Structures of Phenylalanine and Isoleucine Tripeptides

The molecular design of short peptides to achieve a tailor-made functional architecture has attracted attention during the past decade but remains challenging as a result of insufficient understanding of the relationship between peptide sequence and assembled supramolecular structures. We report a hybrid-resolution model to computationally explore the sequence–structure relationship of self-assembly for tripeptides containing only phenylalanine and isoleucine. We found that all these tripeptides have a tendency to assemble into nanofibers composed of laterally associated filaments. Molecular arrangements within the assemblies are diverse and vary depending on the sequences. This structural diversity originates from (1) distinct conformations of peptide building blocks that lead to different surface geometries of the filaments and (2) unique sidechain arrangements at the filament interfaces for each sequence. Many conformations are available for tripeptides in solution, but only an extended β-strand and another resembling a right-handed turn are observed in assemblies. It was found that the sequence dependence of these conformations and the packing of resulting filaments are determined by multiple competing noncovalent forces, with hydrophobic interactions involving Phe being particularly important. The sequence pattern for each type of assembly conformation and packing has been identified. These results highlight the importance of the interplay between conformation, molecular packing, and sequences for determining detailed nanostructures of peptides and provide a detailed insight to support a more precise design of peptide-based nanomaterials.     

钻削GH4169高温合金薄壁件钻削力仿真研究

GH4169高温合金的薄壁钻孔与厚壁钻孔相比有特殊性,运用ABAQUS软件进行钻削GH4169高温合金薄壁件的仿真,研究钻削加工过程中钻削参数和工件厚度对钻削力的影响规律及变化特征,分析应力的分布规律。结果表明:钻削初期,横刃的挤压和主切削刃切削长度的增加使钻削力和扭矩增大;稳定钻削阶段,横刃切出后,主切削刃切削长度不变切削直径增加,钻削力和扭矩稳定增加;钻削后期,副切削刃参与切削,主切削刃切削长度减小,轴向钻削力和扭矩减小,但副刃与孔壁的挤压摩擦,曲线波动较大;钻削速度、进给量及工件厚度的增加都会导致轴向钻削力和扭矩的增加;钻削时的最大应力分布在横刃和主切削刃与工件的接触部位。